The speaker, as the Chief Presiding Officer of the popularly elected Lok Sabha, is endowed with a plethora of authorities under the Constitution and the rules of the house. He is the house's and its members' spokesperson; he is the custodian of the house's and its members' privileges and immunities. He is the ex-officio President of the Indian Parliamentary Group and the Lok Sabha Secretariat's Head. Finally, he is the final arbiter of all bills, resolutions, motions, and questions. Nobody may speak unless he gives his permission, and everyone must acknowledge the Chair before taking the floor.

1. Speaker as the Presiding Officer:

Speaker holds following roles as the presiding officer:

I) When the Speaker, Deputy Speaker, or Chairman takes the Chair, the House begins its session. Except when a resolution to remove him from office is under consideration, he presides over the house for the duration of his term. As the Chief Presiding Officer of the House, he chooses the hour at which a sitting begins or ends, as well as the days on which the house will sit. He also selects when a house sitting is adjourned sine die, to a certain day or to a portion of the same day.

II) In consultation with the leader of the house and the Business Advisory Committee, he determines the order of government business.

III) It is he who determines what is a Money Bill and in that respect his decision is final. He also decides the admissibility resolutions and motions. He also determines whether a motion of no-confidence in the Council of Ministers is in order.

IV) He also has the authority to pick amendments to bills and motions and to refuse to allow a member to move an amendment if he believes it is unjustified. Finally, his opinion and assent are decisive in determining whether a move to adjourn the house or postpone its usual business for the purpose of considering an issue of urgent public significance should be granted.

V) The speaker selects a panel of chairpersons/speakers from among the members. Without his permission, no member of the house may join in debate or move a proposal. He has the authority to prevent any member from speaking. The rules for asking and answering questions are determined by the speaker's interpretation. He has a lot of leeway in this situation.

VI) He has the option of shortening or lengthening the question period. He may disregard the notice period for the question and allow a question to be posed on short notice. He is the one who decides if a question requires a written or oral response. He may also offer a half-hour question period. Discussion of issues raised by the response to the question.

VII) The Speaker is in charge of the house's debates and proceedings. Even during secret sittings, which are held at the request of the leader of the house, the speaker decides the reporting procedures. The procedure and proceedings should be followed on such circumstances.

VIII) The speaker proposes questions for the consideration of the house and puts them for their vote.

IX) He decides on the manner of voting to be used, and he is the one who announces the results. If anything goes against the rules of the house and a point of order is raised to point it out and correct it, it is he who decides on the points of order and makes his decision.

X) In the event of joint session of the two houses of Parliament, the speaker presides. In that case, his decisions, rulings and interpretations on matters before the joint session are final.

2. Dignity of Speaker:

The speaker does not normally participate in the discussion, except to make formal statements while fulfilling certain responsibilities. He rarely speaks the house on his own initiative, and unless the members want it, he refrains from expressing his personal views.

We adhere to the British tradition of all members of the house, regardless of party affiliation, paying the utmost respect and attention to the speaker. When the speaker rises to speak, he is listened in silence, and any member who speaks or offers to speak is compelled to return to his seat. Furthermore, leaving the house while the speaker is addressing the house is deemed disrespectful.

Finally, the speaker decides if there is a prima facie case for a breach of privilege or contempt of the house. No matter constituting a breach of privilege by a member of the house or a committee of the house may be raised in the house without his consent.

3. Speaker as a Supervisor of Parliamentary Committees:

The speaker has complete authority over all Parliamentary Committees, whether established by him or by the House. He picks their chairman and gives them instructions as he sees fit. He consults with them on a regular basis. Without his authorization, committee sessions cannot be held outside Parliament House. The Committee cannot call government officials without his agreement. Finally, the Speaker is the Chairman of Several House Committees, including the Business Advisory Committee, General Purposes Committee, and Rules Committee.

4. Speaker as an Interpreter:

The speaker has the authority to interpret the Constitution and the norms of the house in relation to subjects before the house. In the house, the speaker's interpretation is definitive and serves as a precedent for later speakers, officers, and members. His judgements and interpretations cannot be challenged until there is a substantive motion in the house, which alone has the power to override the speaker's ruling or interpretation. The speaker is not required to provide justification for his conclusion, ruling, or interpretation. Members of the House are not permitted to criticise him. They should ask him to reconsider his decision.

5. Speaker Spokesman of the House:

The speaker is the house's primary spokesman. He is the house's collective voice to the outer world. First and foremost, all communications from the House to the President are made via the Speaker in the form of a formal speech. All communications from the President to the House, on the other hand, are routed through the Speaker. Likewise, all communications from the Lok Sabha to the Rajya Sabha are routed through the Speaker. And it is the speaker who receives all Rajya Sabha communications sent to the Lok Sabha.

Finally, the Speaker is the house's representative and transmits the house's decisions to all authorities involved. Similarly, he/she tells the house of people's petitions and conveys messages from foreign countries or their legislatures. He also issues warrants to carry out the directives of the House if needed.

6. Speaker as an Enforcer of Discipline:

The Speaker's primary responsibility is to keep the house in order. The regulations of the residence give him disciplinary authority. His disciplinary rulings are not to be disputed unless a substantive motion is filed. The speaker may object to irrelevance or repetition in a member's statement and may request that he withdraw his defamatory remarks. He has the authority to force any member who is engaging in unruly behaviour in the house to leave. He may suspend the member from the house if he continues to hinder the house's proceedings, and in cases of severe disorder, he may even adjourn the house.

7. Speaker as a President of Indian Parliamentary Group:

The speaker serves as the ex-officio President of the Indian Parliamentary Group, the Indian chapter of the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the Common Wealth Parliamentary Association. He appoints members of legislative delegations to foreign countries. As members of both houses are to be included in the delegation, he consults with the Chairman of Rajya Sabha. He occasionally heads such delegations himself.

8. Speaker as a Head of Lok Sabha Secretariat:

The Speaker is also the Head of the Lok Sabha Secretariat, which he controls and directs. His control over the secretarial and security staff is absolute. Strangers, visitors, and press correspondents are all subject to his authority and discipline.

The speaker is responsible for ensuring that members' rights are protected and that all reasonable amenities are provided to them while they are in house. Finally, no changes or additions can be made in the Parliament House without the authorization of the Speaker.